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Best of luck!!  GMAT Practice Test - Reading Comprehension II Facts  Average Score for this quiz: 19.5%  No of times this quiz has been taken: 10  No of people passing this quiz: 1  No of people failing this quiz: 9  Maximum score for this quiz: 67% Coverage : The GMAT Practice Test - Reading Comprehension II has been designed to test the important aspects of reading comprehension. This test covers passages on different subjects; like business, general science and social sciences. The aim is to test the judgemental abilities of the test taker which entails reading the passage provided and answering the questions to: - determine the main idea of the passage - determine the tone of the author - infer an idea from the passage - answer a factual question   This Question is based on the following passage:   Of all the alleged sins of globalization, child labor has been among the most scorned. Little do people know in rich countries that their expensive carpets, cheap clothes, shoes, toys and even crackers have been made by little children who ought to be in classrooms or playgrounds. This consternation is usually genuine, but it has also been exploited by anti-globalization activists to popularize their cause. Some of America's democratic American Presidential candidates have joined anti globalizers who have collectively cited child labor as a reason why America should reconsider its free trade agreements with poor countries. The fact that these countries might be exploiting children is more disturbing than the highly debatable claim that poor labor standards for adults in the developing world are unfair. One of the more credible critics of child labor, and the leader in the fight to enforce bans on the practice, has been the International Labor Organization. Until recently, its argument has also rested mostly on moral grounds. Although it seems very wrong for children to toil for other's economic gain, one in six of the world's children between the age of 5 and 16 work- and the proportion is higher in poorer parts of Asia and Africa. Of the ILO's analysis, the cost of ending child labor, by creating enough schools and replacing the lost income that children provide to their families would be around $900 billion over the next 15 years. Child labor, of course, is as old as human history. The fact that parents choose to send their wards to work suggests, at the very least that the alternatives are even drearier- not a pleasant suburban school, but the grinding toil of subsistence farming, joining a militia or prostitution. In economic terms, child labor is merely the symptom of the condition dubbed poverty. In recent years, a few organizations, like the ILO have questioned this argument. Perhaps they suggest, some countries keep themselves poor by allowing child labor. On this view, poverty is not the cause but the result of child labor. There are two ways in which it might be. Firstly, starting to work at a tender age means that kids miss out the education and skills that might have fetched them better jobs in the future. Thus, allowing child labor prevents countries from investing in what economists call human capital, keeping their workers mired in low skilled jobs. Secondly, employing children can depress wages for adults. The more children that work, the fewer and less paid are the jobs for adults. 1.  Why, according to the passage are anti-globalization activists from America not in favor of the free trade agreements of America with the poor countries? a. Free trade has allowed the entry of cheap goods to America b. Anti-globalization activists have strong support of Presidential candidates c. Activists are worried about the wage structure for adults for adults in the third world because of the availability of cheap labor d. Activists do not support child labor on moral grounds e. Free trade across countries are proving a big loss making idea for America     This Question is based on the following passage:   Of all the alleged sins of globalization, child labor has been among the most scorned. Little do people know in rich countries that their expensive carpets, cheap clothes, shoes, toys and even crackers have been made by little children who ought to be in classrooms or playgrounds. This consternation is usually genuine, but it has also been exploited by anti-globalization activists to popularize their cause. Some of America's democratic American Presidential candidates have joined anti globalizers who have collectively cited child labor as a reason why America should reconsider its free trade agreements with poor countries. The fact that these countries might be exploiting children is more disturbing than the highly debatable claim that poor labor standards for adults in the developing world are unfair. One of the more credible critics of child labor, and the leader in the fight to enforce bans on the practice, has been the International Labor Organization. Until recently, its argument has also rested mostly on moral grounds. Although it seems very wrong for children to toil for other's economic gain, one in six of the world's children between the age of 5 and 16 work- and the proportion is higher in poorer parts of Asia and Africa. Of the ILO's analysis, the cost of ending child labor, by creating enough schools and replacing the lost income that children provide to their families would be around $900 billion over the next 15 years. Child labor, of course, is as old as human history. The fact that parents choose to send their wards to work suggests, at the very least that the alternatives are even drearier- not a pleasant suburban school, but the grinding toil of subsistence farming, joining a militia or prostitution. In economic terms, child labor is merely the symptom of the condition dubbed poverty. In recent years, a few organizations, like the ILO have questioned this argument. Perhaps they suggest, some countries keep themselves poor by allowing child labor. On this view, poverty is not the cause but the result of child labor. There are two ways in which it might be. Firstly, starting to work at a tender age means that kids miss out the education and skills that might have fetched them better jobs in the future. Thus, allowing child labor prevents countries from investing in what economists call human capital, keeping their workers mired in low skilled jobs. Secondly, employing children can depress wages for adults. The more children that work, the fewer and less paid are the jobs for adults. 2.  How does the ILO propose to enforce the ban on child labor as can be seen in the passage? a. By making adult labor available to poor countries b. The ILO wants parents from developing economies to realize the importance of educating their wards c. The ILO has suggested schemes to replace the income of poor families, that they were earning from child labor d. The ILO decided on providing funds to open new schools which will offer free education to underprivileged children e. The ILO decided on educating the people of developing countries about the moral importance of child education so that the people take a step in stopping child labor     This Question is based on the following passage:   Of all the alleged sins of globalization, child labor has been among the most scorned. Little do people know in rich countries that their expensive carpets, cheap clothes, shoes, toys and even crackers have been made by little children who ought to be in classrooms or playgrounds. This consternation is usually genuine, but it has also been exploited by anti-globalization activists to popularize their cause. Some of America's democratic American Presidential candidates have joined anti globalizers who have collectively cited child labor as a reason why America should reconsider its free trade agreements with poor countries. The fact that these countries might be exploiting children is more disturbing than the highly debatable claim that poor labor standards for adults in the developing world are unfair. One of the more credible critics of child labor, and the leader in the fight to enforce bans on the practice, has been the International Labor Organization. Until recently, its argument has also rested mostly on moral grounds. Although it seems very wrong for children to toil for other's economic gain, one in six of the world's children between the age of 5 and 16 work- and the proportion is higher in poorer parts of Asia and Africa. Of the ILO's analysis, the cost of ending child labor, by creating enough schools and replacing the lost income that children provide to their families would be around $900 billion over the next 15 years. Child labor, of course, is as old as human history. The fact that parents choose to send their wards to work suggests, at the very least that the alternatives are even drearier- not a pleasant suburban school, but the grinding toil of subsistence farming, joining a militia or prostitution. In economic terms, child labor is merely the symptom of the condition dubbed poverty. In recent years, a few organizations, like the ILO have questioned this argument. Perhaps they suggest, some countries keep themselves poor by allowing child labor. On this view, poverty is not the cause but the result of child labor. There are two ways in which it might be. Firstly, starting to work at a tender age means that kids miss out the education and skills that might have fetched them better jobs in the future. Thus, allowing child labor prevents countries from investing in what economists call human capital, keeping their workers mired in low skilled jobs. Secondly, employing children can depress wages for adults. The more children that work, the fewer and less paid are the jobs for adults. 3.  Which of the following options supports the statement that 'child labor is merely the symptom of condition called poverty'? a. The cost of ending child labor and replacing the lost income to families is $800 million b. Child labor was not a non-existent phenomena in rich countries earlier c. Increased human capital and better health are two biggest benefits of banning child labor d. Parents feel their children can be economically useful and so they send them to work. e. It is inhuman to make children toil for other's economic gains. One in six of the world's children work for their families.     This Question is based on the following passage:   Of all the alleged sins of globalization, child labor has been among the most scorned. Little do people know in rich countries that their expensive carpets, cheap clothes, shoes, toys and even crackers have been made by little children who ought to be in classrooms or playgrounds. This consternation is usually genuine, but it has also been exploited by anti-globalization activists to popularize their cause. Some of America's democratic American Presidential candidates have joined anti globalizers who have collectively cited child labor as a reason why America should reconsider its free trade agreements with poor countries. The fact that these countries might be exploiting children is more disturbing than the highly debatable claim that poor labor standards for adults in the developing world are unfair. One of the more credible critics of child labor, and the leader in the fight to enforce bans on the practice, has been the International Labor Organization. Until recently, its argument has also rested mostly on moral grounds. Although it seems very wrong for children to toil for other's economic gain, one in six of the world's children between the age of 5 and 16 work- and the proportion is higher in poorer parts of Asia and Africa. Of the ILO's analysis, the cost of ending child labor, by creating enough schools and replacing the lost income that children provide to their families would be around $900 billion over the next 15 years. Child labor, of course, is as old as human history. The fact that parents choose to send their wards to work suggests, at the very least that the alternatives are even drearier- not a pleasant suburban school, but the grinding toil of subsistence farming, joining a militia or prostitution. In economic terms, child labor is merely the symptom of the condition dubbed poverty. In recent years, a few organizations, like the ILO have questioned this argument. Perhaps they suggest, some countries keep themselves poor by allowing child labor. On this view, poverty is not the cause but the result of child labor. There are two ways in which it might be. Firstly, starting to work at a tender age means that kids miss out the education and skills that might have fetched them better jobs in the future. Thus, allowing child labor prevents countries from investing in what economists call human capital, keeping their workers mired in low skilled jobs. Secondly, employing children can depress wages for adults. The more children that work, the fewer and less paid are the jobs for adults. 4.  Why is the claim that poverty encourages child labor is not always true? a. Parents look at their children as economic tools and make them earn bread for the family b. The remuneration offered on jobs involving adults are competitive c. Some countries have the policy of keeping themselves poor by allowing child labor d. The findings of the survey by economists have revealed that child laborers constitute not only children from poor families but otherwise also e. The belief that parents of poor children do not send their children to school is untrue     This Question is based on the following passage:   Of all the alleged sins of globalization, child labor has been among the most scorned. Little do people know in rich countries that their expensive carpets, cheap clothes, shoes, toys and even crackers have been made by little children who ought to be in classrooms or playgrounds. This consternation is usually genuine, but it has also been exploited by anti-globalization activists to popularize their cause. Some of America's democratic American Presidential candidates have joined anti globalizers who have collectively cited child labor as a reason why America should reconsider its free trade agreements with poor countries. The fact that these countries might be exploiting children is more disturbing than the highly debatable claim that poor labor standards for adults in the developing world are unfair. One of the more credible critics of child labor, and the leader in the fight to enforce bans on the practice, has been the International Labor Organization. Until recently, its argument has also rested mostly on moral grounds. Although it seems very wrong for children to toil for other's economic gain, one in six of the world's children between the age of 5 and 16 work- and the proportion is higher in poorer parts of Asia and Africa. Of the ILO's analysis, the cost of ending child labor, by creating enough schools and replacing the lost income that children provide to their families would be around $900 billion over the next 15 years. Child labor, of course, is as old as human history. The fact that parents choose to send their wards to work suggests, at the very least that the alternatives are even drearier- not a pleasant suburban school, but the grinding toil of subsistence farming, joining a militia or prostitution. In economic terms, child labor is merely the symptom of the condition dubbed poverty. In recent years, a few organizations, like the ILO have questioned this argument. Perhaps they suggest, some countries keep themselves poor by allowing child labor. On this view, poverty is not the cause but the result of child labor. There are two ways in which it might be. Firstly, starting to work at a tender age means that kids miss out the education and skills that might have fetched them better jobs in the future. Thus, allowing child labor prevents countries from investing in what economists call human capital, keeping their workers mired in low skilled jobs. Secondly, employing children can depress wages for adults. The more children that work, the fewer and less paid are the jobs for adults. 5.  How, according to the passage, do countries who allow child labor stay poor? i.When children of the tender age of 12 start to work, it implies they miss out on education and skills that might have landed them better jobs in the future ii.Employing children can increase competitive wages for adults iii.Employing children can cause wages for adults to drop iv.Allowing child labor acts as a hindrance in investing human capital a. i and ii only b. i, iii and iv only c. i and iv only d. i, ii, iii and iv e. iii and iv only     This Question is based on the following passage:   Global climate change analysts have been for long been blowing hot and cold over melting ice caps, rising ocean levels, and unusually hot summers on the one hand and receding deserts, metamorphosing biodiversity and colder winters on the other. Climatologists however, are undisputed in their opinion that regional variations notwithstanding, the earth as a whole is becoming warmer- and largely due to increased human activity. And yet, interestingly, as a continent, Antarctica seems to be successfully bucking the trend. Recent reports quoting American scientists from the South Pole say that while temperatures have risen in every other continent over the past century, Antarctica has become comparatively colder over the last 35 years and continues to cool, thus becoming the only continent on earth to react differently to global warming. Established theories of climatic changes have pioneered that effects of global warming are augmented at the poles. Nevertheless, recent research have pointed out that while on one hand, Arctic has gotten hotter, the Antarctic is unmistakably getting cooler. This implies that previous estimates of rising sea levels will have to be appropriately altered. What seems to be conundrum behind the cooling of the white continent? Since most of the industrialized and inhabited countries are gathered close to the Arctic, polluting emissions waft across to the North Pole, thereby creating a greenhouse effect, warming the air and loosening the ice sheets. Complex interplay of ocean currents appear to have altered temperatures cooling the Southern ocean around the Antarctic and metamorphosing the Pole's temperature profile. Antarctica's harsh desert valleys are turning cooler, setting off a series of ecological consequences in the region. It is also pertinent to note that the ozone hole gapes right over the Antarctic, eroded by human made aerosols and carbon emissions, leaving the population of parts of South America and Australia vulnerable to harmful UV radiation. All the contradictions only show how little we understand the full meaning of global climate change. What is clear however is that a worldwide concerted effort has to be initiated to decrease in human–induced atmospheric pollution which is undoubtedly a factor in the global climate saga. 6.  What reasons can be found in the passage that explain why Antarctic is drawing the attention of global climate pundits? a. Antarctic is immune to the greenhouse effect b. Antarctic is the only continent responding differently to the global climate change c. The ozone hole is right above the Antarctic which is alarming climatologists d. Antarctic is responsible for increasing the impact of global winters e. Antarctic is not suitable for wildlife anymore     This Question is based on the following passage:   Global climate change analysts have been for long been blowing hot and cold over melting ice caps, rising ocean levels, and unusually hot summers on the one hand and receding deserts, metamorphosing biodiversity and colder winters on the other. Climatologists however, are undisputed in their opinion that regional variations notwithstanding, the earth as a whole is becoming warmer- and largely due to increased human activity. And yet, interestingly, as a continent, Antarctica seems to be successfully bucking the trend. Recent reports quoting American scientists from the South Pole say that while temperatures have risen in every other continent over the past century, Antarctica has become comparatively colder over the last 35 years and continues to cool, thus becoming the only continent on earth to react differently to global warming. Established theories of climatic changes have pioneered that effects of global warming are augmented at the poles. Nevertheless, recent research have pointed out that while on one hand, Arctic has gotten hotter, the Antarctic is unmistakably getting cooler. This implies that previous estimates of rising sea levels will have to be appropriately altered. What seems to be conundrum behind the cooling of the white continent? Since most of the industrialized and inhabited countries are gathered close to the Arctic, polluting emissions waft across to the North Pole, thereby creating a greenhouse effect, warming the air and loosening the ice sheets. Complex interplay of ocean currents appear to have altered temperatures cooling the Southern ocean around the Antarctic and metamorphosing the Pole's temperature profile. Antarctica's harsh desert valleys are turning cooler, setting off a series of ecological consequences in the region. It is also pertinent to note that the ozone hole gapes right over the Antarctic, eroded by human made aerosols and carbon emissions, leaving the population of parts of South America and Australia vulnerable to harmful UV radiation. All the contradictions only show how little we understand the full meaning of global climate change. What is clear however is that a worldwide concerted effort has to be initiated to decrease in human–induced atmospheric pollution which is undoubtedly a factor in the global climate saga. 7.  Why do global climate pundits prefer the poles to examine the occurrence of global climate change? a. Global pole experts are looking for a peaceful place to study global climates b. The poles are strategically placed and make sit easier c. Complex interplay of ocean currents near the poles have caused reversal of temperatures which makes it an intriguing subject to study d. Industrialized and inhabited countries clustered close to the poles give off polluting emissions which give rise to the greenhouse effect most strikingly e. The theories of climate change suggest that effects of global warming are magnified at the poles     This Question is based on the following passage:   Global climate change analysts have been for long been blowing hot and cold over melting ice caps, rising ocean levels, and unusually hot summers on the one hand and receding deserts, metamorphosing biodiversity and colder winters on the other. Climatologists however, are undisputed in their opinion that regional variations notwithstanding, the earth as a whole is becoming warmer- and largely due to increased human activity. And yet, interestingly, as a continent, Antarctica seems to be successfully bucking the trend. Recent reports quoting American scientists from the South Pole say that while temperatures have risen in every other continent over the past century, Antarctica has become comparatively colder over the last 35 years and continues to cool, thus becoming the only continent on earth to react differently to global warming. Established theories of climatic changes have pioneered that effects of global warming are augmented at the poles. Nevertheless, recent research have pointed out that while on one hand, Arctic has gotten hotter, the Antarctic is unmistakably getting cooler. This implies that previous estimates of rising sea levels will have to be appropriately altered. What seems to be conundrum behind the cooling of the white continent? Since most of the industrialized and inhabited countries are gathered close to the Arctic, polluting emissions waft across to the North Pole, thereby creating a greenhouse effect, warming the air and loosening the ice sheets. Complex interplay of ocean currents appear to have altered temperatures cooling the Southern ocean around the Antarctic and metamorphosing the Pole's temperature profile. Antarctica's harsh desert valleys are turning cooler, setting off a series of ecological consequences in the region. It is also pertinent to note that the ozone hole gapes right over the Antarctic, eroded by human made aerosols and carbon emissions, leaving the population of parts of South America and Australia vulnerable to harmful UV radiation. All the contradictions only show how little we understand the full meaning of global climate change. What is clear however is that a worldwide concerted effort has to be initiated to decrease in human–induced atmospheric pollution which is undoubtedly a factor in the global climate saga. 8.  The tone of the author in the passage seems to be:   a. Alarmed but optimistic b. Confused and indifferent c. Indifferent but interested d. Concerned and driven e. Inquisitive and forceful     This Question is based on the following passage:   Global climate change analysts have been for long been blowing hot and cold over melting ice caps, rising ocean levels, and unusually hot summers on the one hand and receding deserts, metamorphosing biodiversity and colder winters on the other. Climatologists however, are undisputed in their opinion that regional variations notwithstanding, the earth as a whole is becoming warmer- and largely due to increased human activity. And yet, interestingly, as a continent, Antarctica seems to be successfully bucking the trend. Recent reports quoting American scientists from the South Pole say that while temperatures have risen in every other continent over the past century, Antarctica has become comparatively colder over the last 35 years and continues to cool, thus becoming the only continent on earth to react differently to global warming. Established theories of climatic changes have pioneered that effects of global warming are augmented at the poles. Nevertheless, recent research have pointed out that while on one hand, Arctic has gotten hotter, the Antarctic is unmistakably getting cooler. This implies that previous estimates of rising sea levels will have to be appropriately altered. What seems to be conundrum behind the cooling of the white continent? Since most of the industrialized and inhabited countries are gathered close to the Arctic, polluting emissions waft across to the North Pole, thereby creating a greenhouse effect, warming the air and loosening the ice sheets. Complex interplay of ocean currents appear to have altered temperatures cooling the Southern ocean around the Antarctic and metamorphosing the Pole's temperature profile. Antarctica's harsh desert valleys are turning cooler, setting off a series of ecological consequences in the region. It is also pertinent to note that the ozone hole gapes right over the Antarctic, eroded by human made aerosols and carbon emissions, leaving the population of parts of South America and Australia vulnerable to harmful UV radiation. All the contradictions only show how little we understand the full meaning of global climate change. What is clear however is that a worldwide concerted effort has to be initiated to decrease in human–induced atmospheric pollution which is undoubtedly a factor in the global climate saga. 9.  What is the primary purpose of the passage? a. To send warning signals to people across the globe about the increase in global temperature b. To solve the mystery behind cooling of the Antarctic c. To recommend people to slow down industrial activity which is a major cause for rising global temperatures d. To make global climate change experts realize the fact that our knowledge about global climate change is not enough e. To expose the anxiety over widening Ozone gaps over the Antarctic       This Question is based on the following passage:   Archaeology as a profession faces two major problems. First, it is not a very moneyed profession. Only paltry sums are available for excavating and even less is available for making the results public and preserving the sites once dug up. Yet archaeologists deal with priceless objects everyday. Secondly, there is the problem of illegal excavation, which often leads to priceless artifacts being sold to the highest bidder. Although outrageous, this suggestion will provide substantial funds for archaeology and reduce the amount of illegal digging. Scientific archaeological expeditions and government authorities should sell excavated pieces in the open market. Such sales would provide the funds for excavation, preservation and publication of results. Plus they would break the illegal excavator's grip on the market and decrease their tendency to engage in illegal activities. On the other hand, the reader might object that professionals excavate to feed their intellectual penchants rather than money. Moreover, ancient artifacts are part of our global cultural heritage, which should be available for all to appreciate, and not sold to the highest bidder. Nothing that has a unique artistic feature and scientific value ought to be sold. But the argument here is that everything that comes from under the ground has some scientific merit. Theoretically, it might be correct, but practically this notion is incorrect. Refer to the thousands of pottery vessels and ancient lamps that are essentially duplicates of each other. Archaeologists recently uncovered 3000 much alike small jugs in a single courtyard, in one small excavation in Cyprus. Even precious royal seal impressions have been found in teeming numbers. The basements of museums simply lack enough space to house the artifacts that are likely to be discovered in the future. There aren't enough funds to catalogue the findings, as a result they can hardly be found again, which makes them as inaccessible as if they had never been discovered. Of course with the help of a computer, sold pieces would be more accessible than those in heaped in burgeoning museum basements. Prior to sale, each item could be photographed and the inventory could be maintained in the computer. A purchased item could even be returned if required for future scientific research. It would be unrealistic to accept that illegal digging would stop if artifacts were sold in the open market, but demand for the clandestine product could be significantly reduced. Who would want an unmarked pot when a genuine one with proven credentials was obtainable, and that was dated strategically by the pro that excavated it? 10.  The primary purpose of the passage is to suggest: a. An alternative to museum display of artifacts b. A solution to check illegal digging while benefiting the archaeological profession c. A method to distinguish antiques possessing scientific merit with others d. A new system for cataloguing genuine artifacts e. The government regulation for archaeological sites     This Question is based on the following passage:   Archaeology as a profession faces two major problems. First, it is not a very moneyed profession. Only paltry sums are available for excavating and even less is available for making the results public and preserving the sites once dug up. Yet archaeologists deal with priceless objects everyday. Secondly, there is the problem of illegal excavation, which often leads to priceless artifacts being sold to the highest bidder. Although outrageous, this suggestion will provide substantial funds for archaeology and reduce the amount of illegal digging. Scientific archaeological expeditions and government authorities should sell excavated pieces in the open market. Such sales would provide the funds for excavation, preservation and publication of results. Plus they would break the illegal excavator's grip on the market and decrease their tendency to engage in illegal activities. On the other hand, the reader might object that professionals excavate to feed their intellectual penchants rather than money. Moreover, ancient artifacts are part of our global cultural heritage, which should be available for all to appreciate, and not sold to the highest bidder. Nothing that has a unique artistic feature and scientific value ought to be sold. But the argument here is that everything that comes from under the ground has some scientific merit. Theoretically, it might be correct, but practically this notion is incorrect. Refer to the thousands of pottery vessels and ancient lamps that are essentially duplicates of each other. Archaeologists recently uncovered 3000 much alike small jugs in a single courtyard, in one small excavation in Cyprus. Even precious royal seal impressions have been found in teeming numbers. The basements of museums simply lack enough space to house the artifacts that are likely to be discovered in the future. There aren't enough funds to catalogue the findings, as a result they can hardly be found again, which makes them as inaccessible as if they had never been discovered. Of course with the help of a computer, sold pieces would be more accessible than those in heaped in burgeoning museum basements. Prior to sale, each item could be photographed and the inventory could be maintained in the computer. A purchased item could even be returned if required for future scientific research. It would be unrealistic to accept that illegal digging would stop if artifacts were sold in the open market, but demand for the clandestine product could be significantly reduced. Who would want an unmarked pot when a genuine one with proven credentials was obtainable, and that was dated strategically by the pro that excavated it? 11.  The author implies that all of the following statements about duplicate artifacts are true except: a. A market for such antiques already exists b. Such artifacts rarely have scientific value c. There is likely to be a continuous supply of such artifacts d. Museums are well supplied with examples of such artifacts e. Such antiques frequently exceed in quality those already catalogued in museum collections     This Question is based on the following passage:   Archaeology as a profession faces two major problems. First, it is not a very moneyed profession. Only paltry sums are available for excavating and even less is available for making the results public and preserving the sites once dug up. Yet archaeologists deal with priceless objects everyday. Secondly, there is the problem of illegal excavation, which often leads to priceless artifacts being sold to the highest bidder. Although outrageous, this suggestion will provide substantial funds for archaeology and reduce the amount of illegal digging. Scientific archaeological expeditions and government authorities should sell excavated pieces in the open market. Such sales would provide the funds for excavation, preservation and publication of results. Plus they would break the illegal excavator's grip on the market and decrease their tendency to engage in illegal activities. On the other hand, the reader might object that professionals excavate to feed their intellectual penchants rather than money. Moreover, ancient artifacts are part of our global cultural heritage, which should be available for all to appreciate, and not sold to the highest bidder. Nothing that has a unique artistic feature and scientific value ought to be sold. But the argument here is that everything that comes from under the ground has some scientific merit. Theoretically, it might be correct, but practically this notion is incorrect. Refer to the thousands of pottery vessels and ancient lamps that are essentially duplicates of each other. Archaeologists recently uncovered 3000 much alike small jugs in a single courtyard, in one small excavation in Cyprus. Even precious royal seal impressions have been found in teeming numbers. The basements of museums simply lack enough space to house the artifacts that are likely to be discovered in the future. There aren't enough funds to catalogue the findings, as a result they can hardly be found again, which makes them as inaccessible as if they had never been discovered. Of course with the help of a computer, sold pieces would be more accessible than those in heaped in burgeoning museum basements. Prior to sale, each item could be photographed and the inventory could be maintained in the computer. A purchased item could even be returned if required for future scientific research. It would be unrealistic to accept that illegal digging would stop if artifacts were sold in the open market, but demand for the clandestine product could be significantly reduced. Who would want an unmarked pot when a genuine one with proven credentials was obtainable, and that was dated strategically by the pro that excavated it? 12.  The author anticipates which of the following initial objections to the adoption of his proposal? a. An over supply of marketable artifacts will arise and the demand for them will fall b. Artifacts that would have been displayed in public places will be sold to private collectors c. Illegal excavators will have an even larger supply of artifacts for resale d. Faking of artifacts will become more commonplace e. Museum officials will become unwilling to store artifacts     This Question is based on the following passage:   Archaeology as a profession faces two major problems. First, it is not a very moneyed profession. Only paltry sums are available for excavating and even less is available for making the results public and preserving the sites once dug up. Yet archaeologists deal with priceless objects everyday. Secondly, there is the problem of illegal excavation, which often leads to priceless artifacts being sold to the highest bidder. Although outrageous, this suggestion will provide substantial funds for archaeology and reduce the amount of illegal digging. Scientific archaeological expeditions and government authorities should sell excavated pieces in the open market. Such sales would provide the funds for excavation, preservation and publication of results. Plus they would break the illegal excavator's grip on the market and decrease their tendency to engage in illegal activities. On the other hand, the reader might object that professionals excavate to feed their intellectual penchants rather than money. Moreover, ancient artifacts are part of our global cultural heritage, which should be available for all to appreciate, and not sold to the highest bidder. Nothing that has a unique artistic feature and scientific value ought to be sold. But the argument here is that everything that comes from under the ground has some scientific merit. Theoretically, it might be correct, but practically this notion is incorrect. Refer to the thousands of pottery vessels and ancient lamps that are essentially duplicates of each other. Archaeologists recently uncovered 3000 much alike small jugs in a single courtyard, in one small excavation in Cyprus. Even precious royal seal impressions have been found in teeming numbers. The basements of museums simply lack enough space to house the artifacts that are likely to be discovered in the future. There aren't enough funds to catalogue the findings, as a result they can hardly be found again, which makes them as inaccessible as if they had never been discovered. Of course with the help of a computer, sold pieces would be more accessible than those in heaped in burgeoning museum basements. Prior to sale, each item could be photographed and the inventory could be maintained in the computer. A purchased item could even be returned if required for future scientific research. It would be unrealistic to accept that illegal digging would stop if artifacts were sold in the open market, but demand for the clandestine product could be significantly reduced. Who would want an unmarked pot when a genuine one with proven credentials was obtainable, and that was dated strategically by the pro that excavated it? 13.  The author mentions the excavation in Cyprus to emphasize which of the following points? a. Artifacts that closely resemble each other manifest cataloguing difficulties to archaeologists b. Ancient lamps and pottery are less valuable, although rarer, than royal seal impressions c. Cyprus is the most important location for unearthing large quantities of large-scale curios d. Artifacts that are not uniquely valuable, and therefore making them saleable, are available in large quantities e. Illegal sales of counterfeits are widespread, especially in the island of Cyprus.     This Question is based on the following passage:   Archaeology as a profession faces two major problems. First, it is not a very moneyed profession. Only paltry sums are available for excavating and even less is available for making the results public and preserving the sites once dug up. Yet archaeologists deal with priceless objects everyday. Secondly, there is the problem of illegal excavation, which often leads to priceless artifacts being sold to the highest bidder. Although outrageous, this suggestion will provide substantial funds for archaeology and reduce the amount of illegal digging. Scientific archaeological expeditions and government authorities should sell excavated pieces in the open market. Such sales would provide the funds for excavation, preservation and publication of results. Plus they would break the illegal excavator's grip on the market and decrease their tendency to engage in illegal activities. On the other hand, the reader might object that professionals excavate to feed their intellectual penchants rather than money. Moreover, ancient artifacts are part of our global cultural heritage, which should be available for all to appreciate, and not sold to the highest bidder. Nothing that has a unique artistic feature and scientific value ought to be sold. But the argument here is that everything that comes from under the ground has some scientific merit. Theoretically, it might be correct, but practically this notion is incorrect. Refer to the thousands of pottery vessels and ancient lamps that are essentially duplicates of each other. Archaeologists recently uncovered 3000 much alike small jugs in a single courtyard, in one small excavation in Cyprus. Even precious royal seal impressions have been found in teeming numbers. The basements of museums simply lack enough space to house the artifacts that are likely to be discovered in the future. There aren't enough funds to catalogue the findings, as a result they can hardly be found again, which makes them as inaccessible as if they had never been discovered. Of course with the help of a computer, sold pieces would be more accessible than those in heaped in burgeoning museum basements. Prior to sale, each item could be photographed and the inventory could be maintained in the computer. A purchased item could even be returned if required for future scientific research. It would be unrealistic to accept that illegal digging would stop if artifacts were sold in the open market, but demand for the clandestine product could be significantly reduced. Who would want an unmarked pot when a genuine one with proven credentials was obtainable, and that was dated strategically by the pro that excavated it? 14.  The author's argument concerning the effect of the official sale of duplicate artifacts on illegal excavation is based on which of the following assumptions? a. The price of illegally sold artifacts would rise b. Computers could be used to trace sold artifacts c. Prospective purchasers would prefer to buy authenticated antiques d. Illegal excavators would be forced to sell only fakes e. Money gained from selling fakes could be used to investigate and prosecute illegal diggers     This Question is based on the following passage:   The Romans-for centuries the masters of war and politics across Europe, Northern Africa, and Asia- have often been criticized for producing little original thinkers outside the arena of politics. Without a doubt, the criticism has its own problems. After all, it was the conquest of Greece that provided that provided Rome with its greatest influx of educated subjects. The two greatest intellectual disasters in history- the murder of Archimedes and the burning of Alexandria's library- both occurred under Roman rule. Nonetheless, a city that was able to conquer so much of the known world could not have been without creativity that characterizes so many other ancient empires. Engineering is one field in which the Romans excelled. Roman roads, built for the rapid deployment of troops, crisscross Europe and are still in good condition, and provide a basis for modern highways between many major European and African cities. Their aqueducts carried water hundreds of miles along the tops of vast arcades. A large number of cities owe their prominence to Rome's political and economic influence across the continents. Many of these cities lie far beyond Rome's original province, and Latin-based languages are spoken in most southern European nations. Again a result of military influence, the popularity of Latin and its offspring is difficult to overestimate. During the centuries of ignorance and violence that followed Rome's fall, the Latin language was the common thread that held together the entire continent's identity. While seldom spoken today, it is still studied widely, if only so that such masters of Rhetoric like Cicero can be read in the original. It is Cicero and his ilk that are perhaps the most overlooked legacy of Rome. While not being a democracy itself, Rome did leave behind useful political tools that serve the American Republic today. Senators owe their name to Rome's class of elders; the veto was a Roman Notion adopted by the historically aware framers of the constitution, who often assumed pen names from the Latin glossary. These achievements as enormous as any coliseum or highway, remain conspicuous features of the Western world. 15.  It can be found from the passage that ancient Roman roads: a. Are engineering marvels unsurpassed in modern day b. Connected many major cities in ancient Europe c. Are similar in some respect to modern highways d. Were products of political ideas e. Were the reason of development in modern European cities     This Question is based on the following passage:   The Romans-for centuries the masters of war and politics across Europe, Northern Africa, and Asia- have often been criticized for producing little original thinkers outside the arena of politics. Without a doubt, the criticism has its own problems. After all, it was the conquest of Greece that provided that provided Rome with its greatest influx of educated subjects. The two greatest intellectual disasters in history- the murder of Archimedes and the burning of Alexandria's library- both occurred under Roman rule. Nonetheless, a city that was able to conquer so much of the known world could not have been without creativity that characterizes so many other ancient empires. Engineering is one field in which the Romans excelled. Roman roads, built for the rapid deployment of troops, crisscross Europe and are still in good condition, and provide a basis for modern highways between many major European and African cities. Their aqueducts carried water hundreds of miles along the tops of vast arcades. A large number of cities owe their prominence to Rome's political and economic influence across the continents. Many of these cities lie far beyond Rome's original province, and Latin-based languages are spoken in most southern European nations. Again a result of military influence, the popularity of Latin and its offspring is difficult to overestimate. During the centuries of ignorance and violence that followed Rome's fall, the Latin language was the common thread that held together the entire continent's identity. While seldom spoken today, it is still studied widely, if only so that such masters of Rhetoric like Cicero can be read in the original. It is Cicero and his ilk that are perhaps the most overlooked legacy of Rome. While not being a democracy itself, Rome did leave behind useful political tools that serve the American Republic today. Senators owe their name to Rome's class of elders; the veto was a Roman Notion adopted by the historically aware framers of the constitution, who often assumed pen names from the Latin glossary. These achievements as enormous as any coliseum or highway, remain conspicuous features of the Western world. 16.  The author describes "two greatest intellectual disasters in history"  in order to   It can be inferred from the passage the framers of the constitution: a. Establish a point directly related to the main argument Were familiar with certain aspects of Roman government b. Point out the importance of certain historical facts Overlooked Cicero's contribution to the theory of democracy c. Prove that certain historical assertions are inaccurate   Formed a government based on Roman democracy d. Acknowledge the partial accuracy of an opposing view Adopted the veto as a hallmark for world democracy e. Disprove the claims made by others with a different view Were similar to Roman elders     This Question is based on the following passage:   The Romans-for centuries the masters of war and politics across Europe, Northern Africa, and Asia- have often been criticized for producing little original thinkers outside the arena of politics. Without a doubt, the criticism has its own problems. After all, it was the conquest of Greece that provided that provided Rome with its greatest influx of educated subjects. The two greatest intellectual disasters in history- the murder of Archimedes and the burning of Alexandria's library- both occurred under Roman rule. Nonetheless, a city that was able to conquer so much of the known world could not have been without creativity that characterizes so many other ancient empires. Engineering is one field in which the Romans excelled. Roman roads, built for the rapid deployment of troops, crisscross Europe and are still in good condition, and provide a basis for modern highways between many major European and African cities. Their aqueducts carried water hundreds of miles along the tops of vast arcades. A large number of cities owe their prominence to Rome's political and economic influence across the continents. Many of these cities lie far beyond Rome's original province, and Latin-based languages are spoken in most southern European nations. Again a result of military influence, the popularity of Latin and its offspring is difficult to overestimate. During the centuries of ignorance and violence that followed Rome's fall, the Latin language was the common thread that held together the entire continent's identity. While seldom spoken today, it is still studied widely, if only so that such masters of Rhetoric like Cicero can be read in the original. It is Cicero and his ilk that are perhaps the most overlooked legacy of Rome. While not being a democracy itself, Rome did leave behind useful political tools that serve the American Republic today. Senators owe their name to Rome's class of elders; the veto was a Roman Notion adopted by the historically aware framers of the constitution, who often assumed pen names from the Latin glossary. These achievements as enormous as any coliseum or highway, remain conspicuous features of the Western world. 17.  How can the Latin language be accurately described as indicated in the passage? i.It spread partially due to Rome's military power ii.It is spoken today in some European countries iii.It is reflected in modern political concepts a. only i b. only ii c. i and iii only d. i and ii only e. ii and iii only     This Question is based on the following passage:   The Romans-for centuries the masters of war and politics across Europe, Northern Africa, and Asia- have often been criticized for producing little original thinkers outside the arena of politics. Without a doubt, the criticism has its own problems. After all, it was the conquest of Greece that provided that provided Rome with its greatest influx of educated subjects. The two greatest intellectual disasters in history- the murder of Archimedes and the burning of Alexandria's library- both occurred under Roman rule. Nonetheless, a city that was able to conquer so much of the known world could not have been without creativity that characterizes so many other ancient empires. Engineering is one field in which the Romans excelled. Roman roads, built for the rapid deployment of troops, crisscross Europe and are still in good condition, and provide a basis for modern highways between many major European and African cities. Their aqueducts carried water hundreds of miles along the tops of vast arcades. A large number of cities owe their prominence to Rome's political and economic influence across the continents. Many of these cities lie far beyond Rome's original province, and Latin-based languages are spoken in most southern European nations. Again a result of military influence, the popularity of Latin and its offspring is difficult to overestimate. During the centuries of ignorance and violence that followed Rome's fall, the Latin language was the common thread that held together the entire continent's identity. While seldom spoken today, it is still studied widely, if only so that such masters of Rhetoric like Cicero can be read in the original. It is Cicero and his ilk that are perhaps the most overlooked legacy of Rome. While not being a democracy itself, Rome did leave behind useful political tools that serve the American Republic today. Senators owe their name to Rome's class of elders; the veto was a Roman Notion adopted by the historically aware framers of the constitution, who often assumed pen names from the Latin glossary. These achievements as enormous as any coliseum or highway, remain conspicuous features of the Western world. 18.  The phrase "achievements as enormous as any coliseum or highway" in the passage can be described as: a. Metaphorical   b. Figurative c. Bizarre d. Wonderful   e. Eccentric   Think you know more about this quiz!   Please enter your Name and what you would like to tell everyone about GMAT Practice Test - Reading Comprehension II  Name: Think you know more about GMAT Practice Test - Reading Comprehension II and would like others to know too? Whether its a great fact, a joke, a personal experience or an interesting anecdote, please share it with all the human beings on planet earth. Your contribution will help keep QuizMoz a free site for all.    (Optional)  (average submission size - 5 to 10 lines) What others think about GMAT Practice Test - Reading Comprehension II By: Tommy on 1/5/2009    Great site. Good learning and fun. By: Aumkar on 1/4/2009    It was enjoyable. By: Tracy on 1/3/2009    Great test. A nice way to gauge one's knowledge By: Alice on 1/2/2009    Its a very good Quiz. It rocks my socks!!!!! By: Samantha on 1/1/2009    This is so cool. 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